Determining How Much Money Should You Keep In Your Savings Account is crucial for your financial well-being, and here at money-central.com, we’re here to guide you through it. Balancing your need for readily available funds with the desire to grow your wealth is essential. The sweet spot often involves considering your emergency fund needs, short-term financial goals, and risk tolerance. By understanding these factors, you can optimize your savings strategy and ensure your money works harder for you. Let’s dive into some strategies that may involve a financial buffer, assessing liquidity, and optimizing assets.
1. Understanding the Drawbacks of Keeping Too Much in Savings
While having savings is essential, understanding the drawbacks of keeping too much cash in a savings account is vital.
A savings account provides a secure and accessible place for your money. These liquid funds are readily available, offering peace of mind for unforeseen expenses. Banks insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) protect deposits up to $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, and per account ownership category. This insurance safeguards your savings in case of bank failure.
However, keeping excessive funds in a low-interest savings account can lead to opportunity costs. This is because the money could potentially earn higher returns if invested elsewhere.
As of July 22, 2024, the average savings account yields only 0.59 percent annual percentage yield (APY), according to Bankrate data. While this rate offers some return, it may not be sufficient to outpace inflation or maximize your financial growth. Fortunately, there are better options available. High-yield savings accounts often offer significantly higher APYs, sometimes reaching 5 percent or more.
Other deposit products carry similarly low risk but may offer higher yields than traditional savings accounts. One example is a one-year certificate of deposit (CD), which may offer an APY of over 5 percent. While CDs are not ideal for funds you may need to access before the term expires (due to potential early withdrawal penalties), they can be useful for saving toward time-specific goals.
Money market accounts (MMAs) offer another alternative, often paying similar yields to high-yield savings accounts. Unlike CDs, MMAs provide liquidity, allowing you to withdraw funds at any time without incurring penalties.
Consider directing excess savings into investments with higher growth potential, such as mutual funds, bonds, stocks, or exchange-traded funds (ETFs). While these investments involve greater risk than savings accounts, they also offer the potential for higher returns over time.
By carefully evaluating your options and diversifying your savings and investment strategies, you can maximize your financial growth while maintaining adequate liquidity and security.
2. Signs You Have Too Much Money in Savings
Recognizing when you have too much money sitting idle in a savings account is key to optimizing your financial strategy.
- You have savings exceeding your emergency fund and short-term goals: If your savings surpass both your emergency fund and any short-term goals, you may have too much in your savings account. An entire year’s worth of emergency savings might be excessive, especially if you have pressing financial obligations.
- Your savings are losing purchasing power: Even with cooling inflation, keeping too much cash in a low-interest savings account can erode your purchasing power over time. This happens because the interest earned may not keep pace with inflation, reducing the real value of your savings.
- You have other financial goals: You may have long-term financial goals, such as retirement savings, that don’t necessitate keeping funds in a readily accessible savings account. Investment accounts are often better suited for these goals.
3. How to Calculate the Right Savings Threshold
Calculating the right savings threshold is a critical step in managing your finances effectively. It involves assessing your individual circumstances and determining an appropriate level of savings for both emergencies and short-term goals. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you navigate this process:
- Assess Your Emergency Fund Needs:
- Evaluate Monthly Expenses: Begin by calculating your essential monthly expenses, including rent or mortgage payments, utilities, groceries, transportation, insurance, and debt payments.
- Determine the Recommended Timeframe: Many financial experts advise saving three to six months’ worth of expenses in an emergency fund. However, this timeframe may vary based on your income stability, job security, and personal circumstances.
- Consider Income Fluctuations: If you experience irregular income, such as freelancers or self-employed individuals, consider saving closer to six months’ worth of expenses to account for potential income gaps.
- Factor in Personal Circumstances: Take into account any unique factors that may influence your emergency fund needs, such as dependents, health conditions, or potential for unexpected expenses.
- Set Savings Goals:
- Start Small: If building a substantial emergency fund seems daunting, break it down into smaller, more manageable goals. Aim to save a specific amount each month until you reach your desired emergency fund target.
- Prioritize Savings: Make saving a priority in your budget by allocating a portion of your income towards your emergency fund each month. Automate your savings by setting up recurring transfers from your checking account to your savings account.
- Analyze Your Budget: Review your budget to identify areas where you can cut expenses and redirect those funds towards savings. Even small adjustments can add up over time and accelerate your savings progress.
- Prioritize Retirement Savings:
- Don’t Sacrifice Retirement Savings: While building an emergency fund is essential, avoid sacrificing your retirement savings in the process. It’s crucial to strike a balance between saving for short-term emergencies and long-term financial security.
- Take Advantage of Employer Matching: If your employer offers a 401(k) match incentive, prioritize contributing at least enough to receive the full match. This is essentially free money that can significantly boost your retirement savings.
- Determine Savings Threshold:
- Financial educator Angel Radcliffe recommends maintaining an emergency fund equivalent to at least three months of living expenses. However, she suggests aiming for six months’ worth of expenses for added security.
- For example, if your monthly expenses total $3,000, your emergency fund should range from $9,000 to $18,000 before considering additional investments.
- Maintaining this savings cushion enables you to handle unexpected expenses, such as car repairs or medical bills, without derailing your financial stability. It also provides a financial buffer in case of job loss or other income disruptions.
- Consider Risk Tolerance:
- Financial coach Katie Oelker advises considering your risk tolerance and personal situation when determining your emergency fund size.
- Once you’ve accumulated three months’ worth of expenses, assess your comfort level with the risk of income loss and how long you would need to stretch your emergency fund if necessary.
- If you’re part of a dual-income household, you may be comfortable with a smaller emergency fund if you can rely on your partner’s income. However, if you’re the sole breadwinner, a larger emergency fund may be more prudent.
By carefully assessing your emergency fund needs, setting realistic savings goals, prioritizing retirement savings, and considering your risk tolerance, you can calculate the right savings threshold for your unique circumstances and achieve financial security.
4. Determining Your Short-Term Financial Goals
Your financial goals can significantly impact how much money you allocate to lower-yielding deposit accounts versus investments with greater growth potential, such as stocks. While investment accounts like 401(k)s and Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) may be suitable for long-term objectives like retirement, they might not be ideal for funds you intend to access in the near term.
For example, if you plan to make a substantial purchase, such as buying a home, in the near future, it’s wise to keep a significant amount of money in a savings account or CD. The last thing you want is to invest your down payment savings in the stock market, only to see your investments decline in value just as you start house hunting.
You likely have other short-term savings goals that are best suited for a savings account. Examples of potential short-term goals include:
- Travel
- A wedding or other specific event
- Home renovation
- Holiday gifts and expenses
- Buying a new car or other larger purchase
5. Maximizing Your Emergency Fund
Once you’ve established your emergency fund, it’s important to seek a safe yet high rate of return on those funds.
Financial educator Radcliffe suggests exploring alternatives to traditional savings accounts to optimize your savings. Moving your savings to a high-yield savings account can help increase your yield without sacrificing accessibility.
Online banks often offer some of the most competitive rates on savings accounts and may not require minimum balances or charge monthly fees. These banks can be a great place to start your search for higher-yielding accounts.
Feature | Traditional Savings Account | High-Yield Savings Account |
---|---|---|
Interest Rate (APY) | Lower (around 0.59%) | Higher (5% or more) |
Accessibility | Easy | Easy |
Minimum Balance Requirement | May vary | May vary |
Fees | May apply | Often none |
Insurance | FDIC Insured | FDIC Insured |
6. Strategies for Balancing Savings and Investments
Balancing savings and investments is crucial for achieving financial security and maximizing wealth accumulation. It involves strategically allocating your funds between liquid savings accounts and various investment vehicles to meet both short-term and long-term financial goals. Here’s a detailed exploration of strategies for achieving this balance:
- Establish Clear Financial Goals:
- Identify Short-Term Goals: Define your short-term financial goals, such as building an emergency fund, saving for a down payment on a home, planning a vacation, or paying off debt.
- Define Long-Term Goals: Determine your long-term financial goals, such as retirement planning, funding your children’s education, or purchasing investment properties.
- Prioritize Goals: Prioritize your financial goals based on their importance and timeline. This will help you allocate your funds effectively between savings and investments.
- Assess Risk Tolerance:
- Understand Risk Tolerance: Evaluate your comfort level with risk. Are you a conservative investor who prefers low-risk investments, or are you willing to take on more risk for potentially higher returns?
- Consider Time Horizon: Your time horizon—the length of time you have to invest—can influence your risk tolerance. Generally, longer time horizons allow for greater risk-taking, as you have more time to recover from potential losses.
- Allocate Funds Strategically:
- Emergency Fund: Allocate sufficient funds to a high-yield savings account to cover three to six months’ worth of living expenses. This emergency fund should be easily accessible in case of unexpected financial emergencies.
- Short-Term Goals: Allocate funds to savings accounts or CDs for short-term goals that you plan to achieve within the next few years. These accounts offer safety and liquidity while providing modest returns.
- Long-Term Goals: Allocate funds to a diversified investment portfolio for long-term goals, such as retirement. This portfolio may include stocks, bonds, mutual funds, ETFs, and real estate, depending on your risk tolerance and investment preferences.
- Diversify Investments:
- Spread Risk: Diversify your investment portfolio across different asset classes, industries, and geographic regions to reduce risk.
- Consider Asset Allocation: Determine an appropriate asset allocation strategy based on your risk tolerance and time horizon. A common rule of thumb is to allocate a higher percentage of your portfolio to stocks when you’re younger and shift towards bonds as you approach retirement.
- Rebalance Portfolio Regularly:
- Maintain Target Allocation: Rebalance your investment portfolio periodically to maintain your target asset allocation. This involves selling assets that have outperformed and buying assets that have underperformed to bring your portfolio back into balance.
- Adjust as Needed: Adjust your asset allocation strategy as your financial goals, risk tolerance, and time horizon change over time.
- Automate Savings and Investments:
- Set Up Automatic Transfers: Automate your savings and investment contributions by setting up automatic transfers from your checking account to your savings and investment accounts.
- Pay Yourself First: Make saving and investing a priority by paying yourself first. Treat these contributions as non-negotiable expenses in your budget.
- Seek Professional Advice:
- Consult Financial Advisor: Consider seeking guidance from a qualified financial advisor who can help you develop a personalized financial plan tailored to your specific goals, risk tolerance, and financial situation.
- Stay Informed: Stay informed about market trends, economic conditions, and investment opportunities to make informed decisions about your savings and investments.
By following these strategies, you can effectively balance your savings and investments to achieve financial security, build wealth, and reach your financial goals.
7. Utilizing High-Yield Savings Accounts and CDs
Maximizing the return on your savings involves strategically using high-yield savings accounts and certificates of deposit (CDs). These options offer higher interest rates compared to traditional savings accounts, allowing your money to grow faster while remaining relatively safe. Here’s how to effectively utilize these financial tools:
- High-Yield Savings Accounts (HYSAs):
- Shop Around: Research and compare interest rates offered by different banks and credit unions. Online banks often provide some of the most competitive rates on HYSAs due to lower overhead costs.
- Consider FDIC Insurance: Ensure that the HYSA is FDIC-insured, meaning your deposits are protected up to $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank.
- Check for Minimum Balance Requirements: Some HYSAs may require a minimum balance to earn the advertised APY or avoid monthly fees. Make sure you can meet these requirements before opening an account.
- Understand Fees: Review the fee structure of the HYSA, including any monthly maintenance fees, transaction fees, or early withdrawal penalties. Opt for accounts with minimal or no fees to maximize your earnings.
- Take Advantage of Compounding Interest: HYSAs typically offer daily or monthly compounding interest, which means you earn interest not only on your initial deposit but also on the accumulated interest over time. This can significantly boost your savings growth over the long term.
- Certificates of Deposit (CDs):
- Determine Your Time Horizon: CDs require you to lock in your money for a fixed period, ranging from a few months to several years. Determine your time horizon and choose a CD term that aligns with your financial goals.
- Compare CD Rates: Shop around for the best CD rates offered by different banks and credit unions. Longer-term CDs typically offer higher interest rates but come with less liquidity.
- Consider CD Laddering: Implement a CD laddering strategy by purchasing CDs with staggered maturity dates. This allows you to access funds periodically while still earning competitive interest rates.
- Be Mindful of Early Withdrawal Penalties: Keep in mind that withdrawing funds from a CD before its maturity date usually incurs an early withdrawal penalty, which can erode your earnings. Avoid investing money in CDs that you may need access to before the term expires.
- Utilize Brokered CDs: Consider purchasing brokered CDs through a brokerage account. Brokered CDs often offer higher yields than CDs purchased directly from banks and may provide additional liquidity options.
- Integrating HYSAs and CDs into Your Savings Strategy:
- Emergency Fund: Keep your emergency fund in a HYSA for easy access and liquidity. HYSAs offer a safe and convenient way to earn a competitive interest rate on your emergency savings.
- Short-Term Goals: Use CDs to save for specific short-term goals, such as a down payment on a car or a home renovation. Choose a CD term that matches the timeframe for your goal to maximize your earnings.
- Long-Term Savings: Consider incorporating CDs into your long-term savings strategy, especially if you have a portion of your portfolio allocated to fixed income. CDs can provide a stable and predictable return while diversifying your investment holdings.
By strategically utilizing high-yield savings accounts and CDs, you can maximize the return on your savings while maintaining a balance between liquidity, safety, and growth.
8. The Role of Money Market Accounts
Money market accounts (MMAs) serve as a versatile financial tool, bridging the gap between savings accounts and investment accounts. They offer a combination of liquidity, safety, and competitive interest rates, making them suitable for various financial goals. Here’s an in-depth look at the role of MMAs in your financial strategy:
- Understanding Money Market Accounts:
- Definition: MMAs are interest-bearing deposit accounts offered by banks and credit unions. They typically offer higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts but may come with certain restrictions.
- Liquidity: MMAs provide relatively easy access to your funds, allowing you to make withdrawals and transfers as needed. However, some MMAs may limit the number of transactions you can make per month.
- FDIC Insurance: Like savings accounts, MMAs are typically FDIC-insured, meaning your deposits are protected up to $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank.
- Key Features and Benefits of MMAs:
- Higher Interest Rates: MMAs generally offer higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts, allowing your money to grow faster.
- Liquidity: MMAs provide greater liquidity than certificates of deposit (CDs), allowing you to access your funds without penalty.
- Safety: MMAs are considered a safe investment option due to FDIC insurance, which protects your deposits against bank failure.
- Check-Writing Privileges: Some MMAs come with check-writing privileges, allowing you to make payments directly from your account.
- How MMAs Fit into Your Financial Strategy:
- Emergency Fund: MMAs can serve as a suitable option for storing your emergency fund due to their liquidity and safety. They offer a higher interest rate compared to traditional savings accounts, allowing your emergency savings to grow faster.
- Short-Term Savings Goals: MMAs are well-suited for saving towards short-term financial goals, such as a down payment on a car or a vacation. They provide a safe and accessible place to park your funds while earning a competitive interest rate.
- Cash Management: MMAs can be used as a cash management tool for businesses and individuals who need to keep a large amount of cash readily available while earning interest.
- Comparing MMAs to Other Savings Options:
- MMAs vs. Savings Accounts: MMAs typically offer higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts but may require higher minimum balances or impose transaction limits.
- MMAs vs. CDs: MMAs provide greater liquidity than CDs but may offer lower interest rates, especially for longer-term CDs.
- MMAs vs. Money Market Funds: MMAs are FDIC-insured, while money market funds are not. Money market funds may offer higher yields but come with greater risk.
- Tips for Choosing the Right MMA:
- Compare Interest Rates: Shop around for the best MMA rates offered by different banks and credit unions.
- Consider Fees: Review the fee structure of the MMA, including any monthly maintenance fees, transaction fees, or minimum balance fees.
- Evaluate Access: Assess the accessibility of the MMA, including the availability of ATMs, online banking, and mobile banking services.
- Check FDIC Insurance: Ensure that the MMA is FDIC-insured to protect your deposits against bank failure.
By understanding the role of money market accounts and how they compare to other savings options, you can make informed decisions about how to incorporate them into your financial strategy. MMAs offer a valuable combination of liquidity, safety, and competitive interest rates, making them a versatile tool for managing your cash and achieving your financial goals.
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9. Investing Excess Savings
Investing excess savings beyond your emergency fund and short-term goals can significantly enhance your long-term financial growth. It allows you to tap into the potential of various investment vehicles, such as stocks, bonds, and real estate, to generate higher returns and build wealth over time. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to effectively invest excess savings:
- Assess Your Financial Situation:
- Determine Your Investment Goals: Define your long-term financial goals, such as retirement planning, funding your children’s education, or purchasing investment properties.
- Evaluate Your Risk Tolerance: Assess your comfort level with risk. Are you a conservative investor who prefers low-risk investments, or are you willing to take on more risk for potentially higher returns?
- Consider Your Time Horizon: Your time horizon—the length of time you have to invest—can influence your investment strategy. Generally, longer time horizons allow for greater risk-taking, as you have more time to recover from potential losses.
- Choose Investment Vehicles:
- Stocks: Stocks represent ownership in publicly traded companies and offer the potential for high returns. However, they also come with greater volatility and risk.
- Bonds: Bonds are debt securities issued by governments and corporations. They provide a fixed income stream and are generally less volatile than stocks.
- Mutual Funds: Mutual funds pool money from multiple investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of stocks, bonds, or other assets. They offer diversification and professional management.
- Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs): ETFs are similar to mutual funds but trade on stock exchanges like individual stocks. They offer diversification and low expense ratios.
- Real Estate: Real estate can be a valuable investment asset, providing rental income and potential appreciation. However, it also requires significant capital and management responsibilities.
- Diversify Your Portfolio:
- Spread Risk: Diversify your investment portfolio across different asset classes, industries, and geographic regions to reduce risk.
- Consider Asset Allocation: Determine an appropriate asset allocation strategy based on your risk tolerance and time horizon. A common rule of thumb is to allocate a higher percentage of your portfolio to stocks when you’re younger and shift towards bonds as you approach retirement.
- Invest Gradually:
- Dollar-Cost Averaging: Consider using dollar-cost averaging, which involves investing a fixed amount of money at regular intervals, regardless of market conditions. This can help reduce the impact of market volatility on your investment returns.
- Reinvest Dividends and Capital Gains: Reinvest any dividends and capital gains earned from your investments to take advantage of compounding and accelerate your wealth accumulation.
- Monitor and Rebalance Your Portfolio:
- Review Performance Regularly: Review the performance of your investment portfolio periodically to ensure it aligns with your financial goals and risk tolerance.
- Rebalance as Needed: Rebalance your portfolio periodically to maintain your target asset allocation. This involves selling assets that have outperformed and buying assets that have underperformed to bring your portfolio back into balance.
- Seek Professional Advice:
- Consult Financial Advisor: Consider seeking guidance from a qualified financial advisor who can help you develop a personalized investment plan tailored to your specific goals, risk tolerance, and financial situation.
- Stay Informed: Stay informed about market trends, economic conditions, and investment opportunities to make informed decisions about your savings and investments.
By following these strategies, you can effectively invest your excess savings and build wealth over time. Investing offers the potential for higher returns compared to traditional savings accounts, helping you achieve your long-term financial goals and secure your financial future.
10. Maintaining Financial Flexibility
Maintaining financial flexibility is essential for navigating unexpected events and adapting to changing circumstances throughout your life. It involves having sufficient liquid assets, managing debt effectively, and diversifying income streams to ensure you can weather financial storms and seize opportunities as they arise. Here’s a detailed exploration of strategies for maintaining financial flexibility:
- Build an Emergency Fund:
- Importance: An emergency fund is your first line of defense against unexpected expenses, such as medical bills, car repairs, or job loss. It provides a financial cushion to cover essential expenses without resorting to debt.
- Target Amount: Aim to save three to six months’ worth of living expenses in a high-yield savings account or money market account. This will provide you with sufficient funds to cover your basic needs during an emergency.
- Manage Debt Wisely:
- Avoid Unnecessary Debt: Minimize your reliance on debt, especially high-interest debt like credit cards. Avoid taking on debt for discretionary purchases and prioritize paying off existing debt as quickly as possible.
- Prioritize High-Interest Debt: Focus on paying off high-interest debt first, as it can quickly erode your financial resources. Consider using strategies like the debt snowball or debt avalanche to accelerate your debt repayment.
- Maintain a Healthy Credit Score: A good credit score is essential for accessing credit at favorable terms when you need it. Pay your bills on time, keep your credit utilization low, and monitor your credit report for errors.
- Diversify Income Streams:
- Explore Additional Income Sources: Consider diversifying your income streams to reduce your reliance on a single source of income. This could include freelancing, starting a side business, or investing in income-generating assets.
- Build Passive Income: Focus on building passive income streams that generate income without requiring active involvement. This could include rental properties, dividend-paying stocks, or online courses.
- Budget and Track Expenses:
- Create a Budget: Develop a budget to track your income and expenses. This will help you identify areas where you can save money and allocate resources more effectively.
- Use Budgeting Tools: Utilize budgeting apps or software to automate the process of tracking your expenses and monitoring your progress towards your financial goals.
- Review Insurance Coverage:
- Assess Insurance Needs: Review your insurance coverage regularly to ensure you have adequate protection against various risks, such as health issues, property damage, or liability claims.
- Shop for Competitive Rates: Shop around for competitive insurance rates to ensure you’re getting the best coverage at the lowest price.
- Plan for Unexpected Events:
- Contingency Planning: Develop contingency plans for potential unexpected events, such as job loss, illness, or natural disasters. This could include identifying alternative sources of income, setting aside emergency funds, and creating evacuation plans.
- Update Estate Planning Documents: Ensure your estate planning documents, such as wills and trusts, are up to date to protect your assets and ensure your wishes are carried out in the event of your incapacitation or death.
- Invest in Education and Skills:
- Continuous Learning: Invest in continuous learning and skill development to enhance your earning potential and career prospects. This could include taking courses, attending workshops, or earning certifications.
- Stay Updated: Stay updated on industry trends and technological advancements to remain competitive in the job market and adapt to changing economic conditions.
By implementing these strategies, you can maintain financial flexibility and navigate life’s challenges with confidence. Financial flexibility provides you with the freedom to pursue your goals, adapt to changing circumstances, and secure your financial future.
Bottom Line
Having significantly more money in a savings account than you need for emergencies can mean you’re missing out on higher potential returns elsewhere. Once you’ve built up savings for emergencies and short-term goals, additional funds could be earning better interest in FDIC-insured CDs or money market accounts, as well as stocks, bonds, or mutual funds. It’s about finding the optimal balance that suits your individual needs and risk tolerance. Here at money-central.com, we offer a wealth of resources, articles, and financial tools to help you make informed decisions and achieve your financial goals.
For more personalized advice and comprehensive financial planning, don’t hesitate to reach out to our team of experts at money-central.com. We’re located at 44 West Fourth Street, New York, NY 10012, United States. You can also call us at +1 (212) 998-0000 or visit our website at money-central.com. Let us help you take control of your financial future today.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. How much money should I keep in my savings account for emergencies?
Aim to save three to six months’ worth of living expenses in a readily accessible savings account.
2. What are the benefits of a high-yield savings account?
High-yield savings accounts offer higher interest rates compared to traditional savings accounts, allowing your money to grow faster while remaining safe.
3. Should I invest my emergency fund?
It’s generally not recommended to invest your emergency fund in volatile assets like stocks. Keep it in a safe and liquid account like a high-yield savings account or money market account.
4. What is a money market account?
A money market account is a type of savings account that typically offers higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts and may come with check-writing privileges.
5. How do I calculate my monthly expenses?
Track your spending for a month or two to get an accurate picture of your essential monthly expenses, including rent, utilities, groceries, transportation, and debt payments.
6. What should I do with excess savings beyond my emergency fund?
Consider investing excess savings in assets like stocks, bonds, mutual funds, or real estate to potentially earn higher returns over the long term.
7. Is it better to pay off debt or save money?
It depends on your individual situation. Prioritize paying off high-interest debt, but also aim to build an emergency fund and save for other financial goals.
8. What is FDIC insurance?
FDIC insurance protects deposits up to $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, in the event of bank failure.
9. How often should I review my savings and investment strategy?
Review your savings and investment strategy at least once a year, or more frequently if your financial situation changes significantly.
10. Where can I find reliable financial advice?
Consult with a qualified financial advisor or utilize reputable online resources like money-central.com to get reliable financial advice tailored to your specific needs and goals.