Think tanks wield significant influence over US public opinion and policy, shaping narratives and advising lawmakers. But where does their “big money” come from? This report delves into the funding sources of the top 50 US think tanks, revealing a complex web of foreign governments, US government agencies, and Pentagon contractors contributing vast sums. Transparency in this funding is crucial for understanding potential biases and ensuring intellectual independence.
The Big Money Behind US Think Tanks: A Deep Dive
Think tanks are central to the US political landscape, their experts frequently appearing in media and advising on legislation. However, their reliance on special interests and government funding raises concerns about potential influence and bias. This report analyzes the funding sources of the top 50 US think tanks, categorized by foreign governments, the US government, and Pentagon contractors.
Foreign Governments: A Significant Source of Big Money
Foreign governments and state-owned entities have donated over $110 million to these think tanks in the past five years. The UAE, UK, and Qatar are the most generous contributors, with the Atlantic Council, Brookings Institution, and German Marshall Fund receiving the largest shares. Notably, a majority of think tanks accepting foreign funding are from US-allied democracies. This “big money” influx raises questions about potential influence on policy recommendations.
Pentagon Contractors: Investing Big Money in Influence
Top Pentagon contractors have contributed over $34.7 million to the analyzed think tanks since 2019. Northrop Grumman, Lockheed Martin, and Mitsubishi lead the pack, with the Atlantic Council, Center for a New American Security, and Center for Strategic and International Studies receiving the most significant contributions. This “big money” connection between defense contractors and think tanks warrants scrutiny regarding potential bias towards military spending and intervention.
US Government: The Biggest Source of Big Money
The US government’s contribution dwarfs all others, totaling at least $1.49 billion from 2019 to 2023. The vast majority, over $1.4 billion, went to the RAND Corporation, a federally funded research center. While RAND has robust conflict of interest policies, other recipients of US government funding, primarily national security agencies, raise concerns about potential influence on research outcomes.
The Implications of Big Money in Think Tanks
The prevalence of special interest funding raises serious questions about intellectual freedom and potential bias. “Big money” can lead to self-censorship, where analysts avoid topics that might displease funders, or even to outright “pay-to-play” research arrangements. This lack of transparency erodes public trust and hinders informed decision-making. 
Restoring Trust: Transparency and Accountability are Key
To address these concerns, greater transparency and accountability are essential. Think tanks should publicly disclose all funding sources, including exact amounts and donor identities. Journalists should report potential conflicts of interest when citing think tank experts. Congress should strengthen disclosure requirements for witnesses testifying before committees. Only through increased transparency can the public regain trust in the vital role think tanks play in shaping US policy.
